Chitosan conduits with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells induce differentiation and growth of the nerve lateral bud

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.43.016

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are similar to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which can directionally differentiate into neuron-like cells, secrete various cytokines, and provide the base for nerve regeneration.
OBJECTIVE: To study the role of chitosan composite nerve conduit carrying umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in nerve end-to-side anastomosis.
METHODS: Thirty while rabbits were randomized into three groups. The central branch of the right posterior peroneal nerve were cut and proximally ligated, and then sutured evaginably to the muscle. In the control group, the distal end of the common peroneal nerve were anastomosed into the tibial nerve at 30°-45°; in the stenting group, the chitosan conduit was bridged at the same interval and angle into the end-to-side anastomosis site between the tibial nerve and peroneal nerve; in the cell-stenting group, the chitosan conduit carrying human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was bridged at the same interval and angle into the end-to-side anastomosis site between the tibial nerve and peroneal nerve. After 12 weeks, gross observation, neurophysiological examination and anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry detection were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 12 weeks of operation, in the cell-stenting group, the conduit degraded completely, the nerve diameter was similar to that of the normal peroneal nerve, and the motor nerve conduction
velocity was higher than that in the control and stenting groups (P < 0.01). Anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry results showed that a great amount of brownish red Schwann cells arranged around the regenerated nerve fibers in the cell-stenting group, while there was few and sparse brownish red substance, and the Schwann cells grew worse in the stenting and control groups. These findings suggest that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have an obvious role in promoting nerve regeneration, induce bud growth, accelerate the growth rate of regenerated fibers, and improve growth and maturity of Schwann cells.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

全文链接：

Key words: chitosan, cord blood stem cell transplantation, nerve regeneration

CLC Number:

R318

Zhang Xue-pu, Xiao Qiang, Lv Gang. Chitosan conduits with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells induce differentiation and growth of the nerve lateral bud[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2014, 18(43): 6985-6989.

Figures/Tables 1

2.1 实验动物数量分析 30只兔均进入结果分析。 2.2 大体观察术后1周，所有实验动物手术切口愈合，均未出现切口感染现象。术后各组动物术侧肢体均出现失神经支配现象，足部皮肤红肿，踝下垂，足趾屈曲，足背着地。术后2周，各组兔发生不同程度的足部溃疡，针刺足背无疼痛反应，术后4周溃疡增大，3组溃疡面积等大。术后4周，术侧肢体胫骨前肌肉开始萎缩。术后10周，细胞-支架组兔足溃疡愈合，支架组术后11周愈合，对照组最晚，术后12周溃疡愈合。术后12周，各组动物肌肉萎缩有所恢复，踝关节伸直功能明显改善，针刺足背有逃避反应，细胞-支架组最优，对照组最差，但与健侧相比仍有差别。3组腓神经与胫神经均生长良好，吻合口略膨大，与周围组织轻微粘连，易分离，色泽接近正常神经，细胞-支架组腓神经直径接近正常腓神经，对照组、支架组腓神经直径较正常神经稍细，支架组与细胞-支架组壳聚糖导管已经完全降解(图1)。切取神经时可观察到胫前肌收缩，细胞-支架组大鼠肌肉轻度萎缩，其余两组肌肉萎缩明显。 2.3 神经电生理检测结果术后12周对各组动物行神经电生理检测，计算运动神经传导速度，对照组、支架组、细胞-支架组腓总神经传导速度分别为(27.85±3.40)，(29.62±1.83)，(42.47±1.86) m/s。细胞-支架组腓总神经传导速度高于对照组与支架组(P < 0.01)，支架组与对照组比较差异无显著性意义。 2.4 抗S-100免疫组织化学检测结果术后12周对吻合腓神经中段行免疫组织化学检测，抗S-100免疫组织化学后许旺细胞呈现棕红色。细胞-支架组可见大量增殖的棕红色许旺细胞排列在再生神经纤维周围(图2C)；支架组与对照组组棕红色物质少而稀疏，许旺细胞生长情况较差，支架组略优于对照组(图2A，B)。"

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